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Aluminum Ingot

Aluminum is a silver-white metal, the third most abundant in the earth's crust after oxygen and silicon. The density of aluminum is relatively small, only 34.61% of iron and 30.33% of copper, so it is also called a light metal. Aluminum is the world's largest non-ferrous metal after steel in production and consumption. The density of aluminum is only 2.7103g/cm³, which is about 1/3 of the density of steel, copper or brass. Due to its light material, aluminum is often used in the manufacture of land, sea and air vehicles such as automobiles, trains, subways, ships, airplanes, rockets, and spaceships to reduce its own weight and increase its loading capacity.

Aluminium ingot is a unit of measurement with a fixed size and a fixed purity. It is produced by electrolysis from alumina-cryolite, and there are two categories of aluminum ingots after they enter into industrial applications: cast aluminum alloys and deformed aluminum alloys. Cast aluminum and aluminum alloys are castings produced by casting methods; wrought aluminum and aluminum alloys are processed products produced by pressure processing methods: plates, strips, foils, tubes, bars, shapes, wires, and forgings. According to the national standard "Aluminum ingots for remelting are divided into 8 grades according to chemical composition, namely Al99.90, Al99.85, Al99.70, Al99.60, Al99.50, Al99.00, Al99.7E, Al99. 6E.

Aluminum ingots are widely used in construction, power, packaging, transportation and daily consumer goods, etc.

±Al Alloy Chemical Composition
Grade	Chemical Composition %
	Si	Fe	Cu	Mn	Mg	Cr	Ni	Zn	Remark	Ti	Other		Al	Remark
	Si	Fe	Cu	Mn	Mg	Cr	Ni	Zn	Remark	Ti	Single	Total	Al	Remark
1A50	0.300	0.300	0.010	0.050	0.050	—	—	0.030	Fe+Si: 0.45	—	0.03	—	99.50	LB2
1350	0.100	0.400	0.050	0.010	—	0.010	—	0.050	Ca: 0.03,V+Ti: 0.02,B:0.05	—	0.03	0.10	99.50	—
1145	Si+Fe: 0.55		0.050	0.050	0.050	—	—	0.050	V: 0.05	0.030	0.03	—	99.45	—
2A12	0.500	0.500	3.8-4.9	0.30-0.9	1.2-1.8	—	0.010	0.300	Fe+Ni: 0.50	0.150	0.05	0.10	margin	LY12
2011	0.400	0.700	5.0-6.0	—	—	—	—	0.300	Bi: 0.20-0.60 Pb: 0.20-0.6	—	0.05	0.15	margin	—
2214	0.50-1.2	0.300	3.9-5.0	0.40-1.2	0.20-0.8	0.010	—	0.250	③	0.150	0.05	0.15	margin	—
3A21	0.600	0.700	0.200	1.0-1.6	0.050	—	—	0.10④	—	0.150	0.05	0.10	margin	LF21
3103	0.500	0.700	0.100	0.9-1.5	0.300	0.010	—	0.200	Ti+Zr: 0.10	—	0.05	0.15	margin	—
3004	0.300	0.700	0.250	1.0-1.5	0.8-1.3	—	—	0.250	—	—	0.05	0.15	margin	—
5A13	0.300	0.300	0.050	0.40-0.8	9.2-10.5	—	0.010	0.200	Be: 0.005, Sb: 0.004-0.05	0.05-0.15	0.05	0.10	margin	LF13
5019	0.400	0.500	0.100	0.1-0.6	4.5-5.6	0.200	—	0.200	Mn+Cr: 0.10-0.6	0.200	0.05	0.15	margin	—
5154A	0.500	0.500	0.100	0.500	3.1-3.9	0.250	—	0.200	①Mn+Cr: 0.10-0.50	0.200	0.05	0.15	margin	—
6101	0.30-0.7	0.500	0.100	0.030	0.35-0.8	0.030	—	0.100	B: 0.06	—	0.03	0.10	margin	—
6061	0.40-0.8	0.700	0.15-0.40	0.150	0.8-1.2	0.04-0.35	—	0.250	—	0.150	0.05	0.15	margin	LD30
6063	0.20-0.6	0.350	0.100	0.100	0.45-0.9	0.100	—	0.100	—	0.100	0.05	0.15	margin	LD31
7A04	0.500	0.500	1.4-2.0	0.20-0.6	1.8-2.8	0.10-0.25	—	5.0-7.0	—	0.100	0.05	0.10	margin	LC4
7022	0.500	0.500	0.50-1.0	0.10-0.40	2.6-3.7	0.10-0.30	—	4.3-5.2	Zr+Ti: 0.20	—	0.05	0.15	margin	—
7075	0.400	0.500	1.2-2.0	0.300	2.1-2.9	0.18-0.28	—	5.1-6.1	⑤	0.200	0.05	0.15	margin	—
8A06	0.550	0.500	0.100	0.100	0.100	—	—	0.100	Fe+Si: 1.0	—	0.05	0.15	margin	—
8011	0.50-0.9	0.6-1.0	0.100	0.200	0.050	0.050	—	0.100	—	0.080	0.05	0.15	margin	—

Classification

Aluminum ingots can be divided into three types: aluminum ingots for remelting, high-purity aluminum ingots and aluminum alloy ingots according to different components; according to shape and size, they can be divided into strip ingots, round ingots, plate ingots, and T-shaped ingots.

Several common aluminum ingots

Aluminum ingot for remelting--15kg, 20kg (≤99.80%Al)

T-shaped aluminum ingot--500kg, 1000kg (≤99.80%Al)

High-purity aluminum ingot--l0kg, 15kg (99.90%～99.999%Al)

Aluminum alloy ingot--10kg, 15kg (Al--Si, Al--Cu, Al--Mg)

Plate ingot--500～1000kg (for plate making)

Round ingot--30～60kg (for wire drawing)

Aluminum alloy ingot

It uses pure aluminum and recycled aluminum as raw materials, and adds other elements according to international standards or special requirements, such as: silicon (Si), copper (Cu), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe)..., to improve the castability of pure aluminum, chemical Alloys formulated with insufficient properties and physical properties

Application
Application of Cast Aluminum-Silicon (Al-Si) Alloy
Aluminum-silicon (Al-Si) alloy, generally the mass fraction of Si is 4%~22%. Because Al-Si alloy has excellent casting properties, such as good fluidity, good air tightness, small shrinkage and low heat tendency, After modification and heat treatment, it has good mechanical properties, physical properties, corrosion resistance and moderate machinability. It is the most versatile and widely used alloy in cast aluminum alloys.

Application

The material of aluminum is light, so aluminum ingots are widely used in many industries such as construction, power, packaging, transportation and consumer goods. It can be used in the production of aluminum sheet, foil, aluminum alloy, and anti-corrosion packaging materials, and can also be used in aluminum alloys, utensils, cables, conductive bodies, core alloys, decoration materials, and daily necessities in the chemical industry. In addition, aluminum ingots can also be alloyed with other metals such as silicon, copper, magnesium, iron, etc. to improve the lack of forgeability, chemical and physical properties of pure aluminum.

Aluminum ingot production process

The production of aluminum ingots consists of production links such as bauxite mining, alumina production, and aluminum electrolysis.
First, the bauxite is mined, and the bauxite powder is produced by washing, grinding and other processes, and then the alumina is obtained through four complex processes such as roasting. There are three main types of bauxite for alumina production: gibbsite, a Hydraulic stone, boehmite.

Craft

In the casting process of aluminum ingots, molten aluminum is injected into the mold. After cooling into a billet and taking it out, the injection process is a key step in the quality of the product. The casting process is also the physical process of crystallization from liquid aluminum into solid aluminum. The process of casting aluminum ingots is roughly as follows:

Aluminium discharge - slag removal - weight inspection - batching - furnace loading - scouring - casting - aluminum ingots for remelting - finished product inspection - finished product inspection weight - storage

Aluminium discharge - slag removal - weight inspection - batching - furnace loading - scouring - casting - alloy ingot - casting alloy ingot - finished product inspection - finished product inspection weight - storage

Commonly used casting methods are divided into continuous casting and vertical semi-continuous casting

Ingot Casting Method

Discontinuous Ingot Casting	Ingot Die Casting	Cast Iron Die Casting	——
	Ingot Die Casting	Water-cooled die casting	——
	Immersion Casting	——	——
Continuous Ingot Casting	Static Casting	Vertical casting	Ordinary sliding mold casting
		——	Special casting: hot top casting, etc.
		Horizontal casting	Horizontal casting
	Moving Die Casting	Kunjian Casting	Continuous casting
		Casting between wheels	Properzi continuous casting, Kangform liquid extrusion, etc.
		Casting between belts	Double belt type, crawler type
	Contactless Casting	——	Electromagnetic casting, gasification layer casting